Date: Tue, 5 Apr 94 23:36:47 PDT From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu> Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu Precedence: Bulk Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #381 To: Info-Hams Info-Hams Digest Tue, 5 Apr 94 Volume 94 : Issue 381 Today's Topics: Audio/Voice Processors General Radiotelephone exam questions online? grammar on the air (2 msgs) Ham radios on planes - Definitive answ Kenwood TH-22AT Mount Athos and Cyprus Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin #153 SB320 Direction Finding in RACES woodpecker signal Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu> Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu> Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu. Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams". We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 6 Apr 94 04:05:17 GMT From: dog.ee.lbl.gov!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!sdd.hp.com!col.hp.com!chrism@ucbvax.berkeley.edu Subject: Audio/Voice Processors To: info-hams@ucsd.edu I've been thinking about getting one of those voice/audio processors to play around with. If you use one of these, could you send me some e-mail telling me which one you have, and what you like/dislike about it? Thanks! Chris Magnuson chrism@col.hp.com ------------------------------ Date: 6 Apr 1994 00:37:11 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!odin!trier@network.ucsd.edu Subject: General Radiotelephone exam questions online? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Are the General Radiotelephone Operator exam questions available, for free or for a charge, in electronic form? I have seen advertisements for the question set in printed form, but I like to study with a drill program on my computer and it would be a real pain to type in all of the questions. :-) I'm not picky -- although finding them on the net would be nice, I'd be satisfied if I could buy them on diskette from somewhere. Thanks for any pointers! Stephen -- Stephen Trier KB8PWA "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that Other: trier@ins.cwru.edu certain je ne sais quois." Home: sct@po.cwru.edu - Peter Schickele ------------------------------ Date: 5 Apr 1994 21:56:11 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!geraldo.cc.utexas.edu!astro.as.utexas.edu!oo7@network.ucsd.edu Subject: grammar on the air To: info-hams@ucsd.edu gdavis@griffin.emba.uvm.edu (Gary Davis) says: >>Subject: Hams should learn English Well, let's see what we have here: >>The word doesn't dosen't exit, " He don't need a new michrophone" ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ Hmm, 3 spelling errors in one line is not encouraging. >>I'm still wondering how such poor English can be acquired >>when almost all broadcasting and newpapers does not indulge in such >>flights of misuse. "indulge in flights of misuse" is a pretty convoluted expression, pardner. First time I ever heard it. Further, "newspapers" is plural, and should be followed by "do not", rather than "does not". >>I've heard some >>JAs and many Eurpeans do better with English as a second and third >>language as 60% of American hams can do with it as their first. ^^ This is a terrible sentence, although it helps it you replace "as" with "than". Judge not, lest ye be judged, eh? I think we both agree that the standard of spelling and grammar is not very high in the everyday world, although if you are going to complain about it you should take a little more care with your postings. I don't think the problem is one found only among hams, though. In the days when I read rec.radio.amateur.policy, it was remarkable that nearly all the postings complaining about the Morse code requirement were written by people who apparently dropped out of kindergarten, judging by their spelling and command of language. That doesn't mean that knowing the code improves your spelling, but it must mean something. Checks spelling, exits left - Derek Wills (AA5BT, G3NMX) Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin TX 78712. (512-471-1392) oo7@astro.as.utexas.edu ------------------------------ Date: 5 Apr 1994 23:04:26 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!gumby!wupost!bigfoot.wustl.edu!cec3!jlw3@network.ucsd.edu Subject: grammar on the air To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Derek Wills (oo7@astro.as.utexas.edu) wrote: : gdavis@griffin.emba.uvm.edu (Gary Davis) says: : >>Subject: Hams should learn English : Well, let's see what we have here: : >>The word doesn't dosen't exit, " He don't need a new michrophone" : ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ : Hmm, 3 spelling errors in one line is not encouraging. : >>I'm still wondering how such poor English can be acquired : >>when almost all broadcasting and newpapers does not indulge in such : >>flights of misuse. : "indulge in flights of misuse" is a pretty convoluted : expression, pardner. First time I ever heard it. : Further, "newspapers" is plural, and should be followed : by "do not", rather than "does not". : : >>I've heard some : >>JAs and many Eurpeans do better with English as a second and third : >>language as 60% of American hams can do with it as their first. : ^^ : : This is a terrible sentence, although it helps it you replace : "as" with "than". : Judge not, lest ye be judged, eh? : I think we both agree that the standard of spelling and grammar is : not very high in the everyday world, although if you are going to : complain about it you should take a little more care with your postings. : I don't think the problem is one found only among hams, though. In : the days when I read rec.radio.amateur.policy, it was remarkable that : nearly all the postings complaining about the Morse code requirement were : written by people who apparently dropped out of kindergarten, judging : by their spelling and command of language. That doesn't mean that : knowing the code improves your spelling, but it must mean something. : Checks spelling, exits left - I would scour your posting for English misuses, but at a glance, I didn't seen any, and it's the idea that counts anyway, right? But original poster wasn't as bad as the people (person) he (she) quoted. Misspelling something is onething, mis-saying it is something altogether different. Oh and his grammar problems as mentioned above are about as common as somebody using "who" instead of "whom" or "that" vs. "which". This isn't alt.grammar.sucks, and before you comment that *he* started it, remember that _saying_ something wrong is a lot harder than _writing_ something wrong. Because I'm typing, I don't always type confluent sentences, either. . . --jesse (waiting a ridiculously long time for my ticket) ------------------------------ Date: 5 Apr 94 13:52:13 GMT From: ncrgw2.ncr.com!ncrhub2!tdbunews!nsc32!wps@uunet.uu.net Subject: Ham radios on planes - Definitive answ To: info-hams@ucsd.edu What about at the airports? I have been through security at LAX with my FT-530 and they (security officers) only asked that I turn it on and prove that it was not a bomb. They did NOT mention that I could not transmit while in the terminal. Granted I keep it set to output either .5 or 1 watt, but if I had a 12 volt battery and used full power, then I can put out the full 5 watts. That is close enough to cause some problems with either aircraft landings or take-off, that's if it really does cause a problem. When I took a laptop on board, I think it was American Airlines that asked not to use the trackball since the wire acted as an antenna. The other airline did not make that request. Once again security only asked me to turn it on. Then there is the point of Hams at home on their base stations living near the airport. I work close to LAX and from the office windows here, we can see the planes take-off and land. Now there are some Hams that are near by as can be seen by the large Yagi on their tower. If a small handheld wil interfere with an aircraft, so they want you to think, then a base station putting out some power would really have an impact. Maybe that's why some of those plane do crazy things. It's some have using his rig controlling the plane like a large RC plane. HI-HI. The airline also does not want you to use your cellular telephone in flight. Why? So they can make big bucks on the in-flight phone. These are my comments and do not reflect any opinion of my employer, the FAA, the FCC, or anyone else.... Bill +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ | Bill Starkgraf wps@ElSegundoCA.ncr.com | | AT&T Global Information Solutions (310) 524-5754 | | El Segundo, CA (800) 222-8372 x5754 | | | | Call: KD6UQB Simi Settlers ARC | | Simi Valley, CA | +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ ------------------------------ Date: 5 Apr 1994 22:48:39 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!cleveland.Freenet.Edu!aa813@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Kenwood TH-22AT To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In a previous article, mmjjmm@post.its.mcw.edu (Michael Malloy) says: >Impressions wanted of the Kenwood TH-22AT. I am thinking about getting >one for a second HT. >-- If you are using it as an HT, it is great. If you want to use it as a mobile rig and are in an intermod area, it suffers from the same problems as most modern HTs (it sucks). It puts out 3w out on the regular battery. I have used it mobile on the rubber duck with reasonable success. Through a quarter wave mag mount driving to Beautiful Downtown Cleveland, it was much worse than my old Kenwood TR-2600A. (There has to be a filter that will solve this problem. Bottom line: For a small (shirt pocket) 3w HT, it is great. For mobile use, I will stick with my Yeasu FT-2400H. Joe N8IPC ------------------------------ Date: 6 Apr 94 02:14:55 GMT From: agate!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!swrinde!ihnp4.ucsd.edu!library.ucla.edu!csulb.edu!csus.edu!netcom.com!slay@ucbvax.berkeley.edu Subject: Mount Athos and Cyprus To: info-hams@ucsd.edu John Caradimas (sv1cec@sv1cec.ampr.ORG) wrote: : To : All Radio Amateurs : The DXCC commitee : The DXAC commitee : - The Mount Athos gentlemen is not just a banch of "mounts". It is a holy : area of the Romanian, Yugoslavian, Russian, Bulgarian and Greek : churches, or even better put, of the whole Christian Orthodox world. : Mount Athos is entirely populated by monks, and Apollo is the only monk Oh - I see - THAT is why it should be considered a separate country for DXCC. : When Apollo stopped its DX activities, a lot of hams : around the world complained and urge him to repeate them. : Excellent example of extortion, don't you think? : As far as we are concerned, dear fellow hams, we promise you that if these : proposals are ever voted, we will stop all DX activities, and will encourage : other Greek hams to do the same, so that the SV prefix becomes as rare as the : SV/A is today. Then again, the DXCC commitee might very well delete SV from : their list, but we certainly do not care to be part of a list created by : ignorant, politically influenced mappets. Oh this is an EVEN BETTER example of extortion. : The following radio amateurs are signing this message : : John Caradimas (SV1CEC) Dimitris Kaiafas (SV1BTW) : Danae Nika (SV1CIQ) Dimitris Gavalas (SV1BTO) : Korina Sfakiotaki (SV1CDQ) The scatalogical content and threats in the original message should be clear to most clear-thinking individuals. My immediate reaction was simply: ha ha ha ha, chortle chortle, snork, guffaw, chortle, snicker .......... It MUST be an APRIL FOOLS joke, right? snicker, snicker, tee hee....... 73 de Sandy WA6BXH slay@netcom.com ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Apr 1994 15:59:14 -0600 From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!usc!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin #153 To: info-hams@ucsd.edu SB DX @ ALLBBS $OPDX.153 Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin No. 153 The Ohio/Penn Dx PacketCluster DX Bulletin No. 153 BID: $OPDX.153 April 4, 1994 Editor Tedd Mirgliotta, KB8NW Provided by BARF-80 BBS Cleveland, Ohio Online at 216-237-8208 14400/9600/2400/1200/300 8/N/1 Thanks to the Northern Ohio Amateur Radio Society, Northern Ohio DX Association, Ohio/Penn PacketCluster Network, DL7VEE & DXNL, DF4RD, VE8EV, AD1C, K4CEF & Southeastern Cluster Group, K6OZL, WA8MEM, KF8VW, K8YSE, K8YVI, NE8Z and N0ZOH for the following DX information. WHAT AN EXCITING PAST WEEK FOR DXERS! (But all good things come to an end.) Activity by T33CS and T33KK will end April 5th (QSL T33CS via G4WFZ and T33KK via SM7PKK). XX9TZ will be going QRT April 4th or 5th. Operators DL5XX, XX9AS, OH6DO, OH2KNB and OH2BH were active from the Hyatt Regency, on Taipa Island (QSL via KU9C). The four day operation from Pulau Layang-Layang Island (aka Swallow Reef in the Spratly Island group) will go QRT April 6th. The Germany operators from Zambia will be going QRT April 5th (See 9I below). 1B, TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS (TRNC). Baldur, DJ6SI, is currently active as 1B/DJ6SI. His activity is mainly CW on all bands. At the present the TRNC does not have DXCC country status, but recently Igor, KU0J, has filed a petition for country status, which the DXAC is currently studying. 3A, MONACO. Ciao, I1YRL, will be active from here for two days starting at 1100z April 9th. This will be a CW only operation. QSL to I1YRL. 4U1ITU, ITU HQ GENEVA. When not active from Monaco, look for Ciao, I1YRL, to be active through the whole month of April. Also a special prefix of 4U9ITU will be used during the month of April. QSL to I1YRL. 5A0RR AND P5RS7. Romeo (aka 3W3RR) who is now active as AH0M/2, was overheard talking to Luis, XE1L, stating he will be traveling to Newington April 4th. He hopes to straighten out or clear up what is needed for his 5A and P5 operations to be accepted for DXCC. KYFC!!! 7O, YEMEN. GREAT NEWS!! On March 30th, the club radio station of 7O1AA was activated again by Achmed, a Yemen native who has returned to the country and was also once ex-HZ1FM. He has repaired equipment that was left behind in Yemen by Paul, F6EXV. Check 14226.5 Family Hour Net starting around 1600z or try 14243 kHz at 1500z with OE6EEG as net control. It has also been mentioned, that Achmed may show up with Zedan (JY3ZH) on the Arabian Nights Net (14250 kHz at 0600z). QSL via Box 485, Aden, Yemen. INTERESTING NOTE: It was reported back in May of 1993, that the ITU requested the government of Yemen to relinquish either 4W or 7O. It was reported that the government chose to relinquish 7O, so Yemen is supposed to be 4W now. LAST MINUTE UPDATE: There have been reports of CW activity on Saturday, April 2nd. Achmed reportedly does not operate CW, so beware of SLIMS. Also there was bad news reported on Sunday. It seems Achmed is having rig problems (Lets hope it is not major!). 9I, ZAMBIA. Probably by the time you read this, Holger/DL7VTM (NODXA member) who was signing 9I2Z, along with Birgit/DG9WYL (9I2M) and Lutz/DL7VLA (9I2A), will be heading back to Germany, April 5th. Holger, on April 1st, reported that the group's operation has made some 9000 QSOs. He also reported they made 302 Oscar 13 contacts and 200 RTTY QSOs. During the CQ WW WPX Contest they operated Multi/Op and made 3000 QSOs primarily on 15 and 10 meters (40 meters signals were weak and 20 meters had local noise). QSL via DL7VRO. The group plans to attend the Dayton HamVention. 9Y, TRINIDAD & TOBAGO. 9Y4TSB is a new operator who only has had his license for a couple of months. He was heard on 21360 kHz between 2000 and 2100z. QSL to: Trueman Braithwaite, Bon Accord, Tobago - West Indies. EI4VRU QSL CARDS. Scott, WD8NSD, informed OPDX that NR8U and he have been processing the cards for Barry, N2PNG, who was active from Ireland in December 1993. Barry is currently away at school, so both NR8U and WD8NSD have been computerizing his logs to making labels for the QSL cards. As of the past weekend, the cards were received from the printers and Scott reported the cards are going in the mail. DO NOT send QSL cards to WD8NSD or NR8U, only to N2PNG. FT, KERGUELEN ISLAND. Pierre, FT5XJ, was heard this past weekend for over an hour on 14288 kHz beginning around 0315z. QSL via F5NLL. IOTA NA-034. Dr. Rick Dorsch, NE8Z, will be active until April 9th as NE8Z/4 from various islands in the "Flordia State West" group. On SSB, look for him on the IOTA frequencies (14260, 21260 and 28460 kHz) and for CW, check 5 and 25 kHz up. QSL to K8LJG. ADDED NOTE: Rick mentions that all his XE1/NE8Z QSLs will be mailed out by April 15th. Colored QSLs are being printed and K8LJG has all the labels and logs. VE8YEV, HENDRICKSON ISLAND. Operators VE8CF, VE8EV, VE8GC and VE8NC, from the Inuvik Amateur Radio Club, will begin operations at 2300z on April 8th from this not-yet-activated NWT (Inuvik Region) IOTA island group. They plan an around the clock operation on 20 meters and 15 meters, as well as some low band and satellite operations. QSL direct to any of the operators or via the bureau. SAD NOTE. Eva, PY2PE, a well known "friend of the DX community" became a SILENT KEY, April 1st. FAX YOUR DX INFORMATION NOW! Faxing is available Monday/Wednesday/Friday from 0430 to 2330z only. The number is 216-237-8208 and the FAX card is sharing the same phone line as BARF-80 BBS using a data/fax/phone switch. Excerpts and distribution of The OPDX Bulletin are granted as long as OPDX/BARF80 receive credit. To contribute DX info, call BARF-80 BBS online at 216-237-8208 14400/9600/2400/1200/300 and leave a message with the Sysop or send InterNet Mail to: aq474@cleveland.freenet.edu or send BitNet Mail to: aq474%cleveland.freenet@cunyvm or send PRODIGY Mail to: DFJH48A or send a message via packet to KB8NW @ WA8BXN.OH.USA.NA /EX ---------------------------- Tedd Mirgliotta KB8NW InterNet: kb8nw@barf80.nshore.org Basic Amateur Radio Frequency BBS (BARF-80) +1 216/237-8208 "Totally devoted to Amateur Radio" - 24 Hrs a day 8/N/1 14.4k-300 baud ------------------------------ Date: 6 Apr 94 06:18:18 GMT From: news-mail-gateway@ucsd.edu Subject: SB320 Direction Finding in RACES To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Bid: $RACESBUL.320 Subject: SB320 Direction Finding in RACES TO: ALL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCIES VIA AMATEUR RADIO INFO: ALL COMMUNICATIONS VOLUNTEERS IN GOVERNMENT SERVICE INFO: ALL AMATEURS U.S (@USA: INFORMATION), CAP, MARS FROM: CA GOVERNORS OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES (W6SIG@WA6NWE.CA) Ph: 916-262-1600 2800 Meadowview Rd., Sacramento, CA 95832 Landline BBS Open to All: 916-262-1657 RACESBUL.320 RELEASE DATE: April 4, 1994 Subject: OPS - Direction finding in the RACES Question: What role does direction finding have in the RACES, if any? Response: Direction finding - the process of locating Radio Frequency signals by other radio equipment - has a tremendous role for Amateur Radio operators, particularly in urban areas. RACES units have been called upon to locate spurious signals from a variety of sources from malfunctioning equipment, such as stuck transmitters, to deliberate jamming of local government or other facilities. One direction finding response involved successful location of a moving radio that virtually crippled a major police department radio system. One of the departments handheld radios moved from officer to officer as the shifts changed and as they moved about the city. The particular radio had a unknown habit of keying up at odd intervals while in the belt holster of the officer. Since the mike was against the officer's body, little could be heard in the way of sound but it was wiping out the entire system. Each time the interference went off the air, and the others on the frequency were advised to switch channels, so did the unknowing officer. Consequentially the interfering signal followed every move to a different channel. Until the problem was solved, the department thought they had a deliberate jammer, when in fact it was malfunctioning commercial equipment in an "impossible configuration that just couldn't happen" but did! In addition to such uses for direction finding, as in the RACES type operations, there are others as well; the "fox hunt" (direction finding contest) of the local Amateur Radio club being an example. Such activities range from an ongoing "sport" to the real preparation for serious and dedicated direction finding. Both aspects have their place, but those who see "fox hunts" only as a pastime and purposely overlook the serious nature of the work that can be done, are a discredit to the Amateur Radio Service whose primary purpose - as set forth in FCC regulations - is public service. (eom) ----------------- RACES Bulletins are archived on the Internet at ucsd.edu in hamradio/races or in hamradio/packet/tcpip/incoming and can be retrieved using FTP. ------------------------------ Date: 5 Apr 1994 22:19:52 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!gatech!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!unixg.ubc.ca!gardner@network.ucsd.edu Subject: woodpecker signal To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Has anyone recently heard any woodpecker signals lately. The reason I ask is that I monitored such a signal in 1991. I've not found anybody who knows what may be going on with it with regards to the ending of the cold war. I got into the habit of monitoring it years ago when suddenly around the first week of Dec. 1989 the signal suddenly stopped. Almost exactly a year later I suddenly noticed a pulse type signal, only it had a much higher pulse repetition rate. I knew it was a woodpecker type transmission because a times the signal would revert back to its old repetition rate. At the time I thought that such a signal should be expected because I read that the russians were busy upgrading the system. A higher pulse rept. rate would mean better imaging etc. The activity of the new system seemed to increase as 1991 progressed and then peaked around Nov. 4 1991. Suddenly, after this specific date it stopped completely and I've not heard it since! The new system still had most of the features of the old system...Very wide band width, very powerful, same origin (Far east) and a 10.5 ionosperic pulse testing signal. To elaborate on the last point, the old system (for the western US) used to have four continuous signals that would periodically change frequency depending on the signal conditions while a fifth noticeably different sounding woodpecker signal would travel up the HF band stopping a arbitrary frequencies. This traveling signal, I think, was used to check for the optimal frequency at which the other four woodpecker signals could transmit at. In the new system this same traveling 10.5Hz signal was used along with the new higher pulse signals. I've talked to people who claim they still hear something, however, they say the pulse rate(pr) changes which is not a feature of the new system. When the new system seemed to get going it transmitted with the new (pr) all the time. They probably heard the american conus b system or something. Earlier in 1991 the new system would transmit at a specific part of the band and stay there for hours. Periodically the operators would reduce the (pr) rate to the old rate but only for a very short time. I suspect that when they did this they were simply experimenting with the new system. When it was being worked properly, it maintained its new (pr) rate and periodically changed frequency just like the old system. I suspect that this new system has been mothballed. It is possible that they may use it periodically as a backup for their early warning satelite network, but I kind of doubt it. If that were so I think we would still hear the 10.5Hz traveling signal. Has anyne heard such a signal recently? Does anyone know what has happened to the east coast signal, has it gone too? Did it go at the same time as the west coast one. For information, there used to be two woodpecker radar systems for the US; one for the east coast and one for the west. Although it would seem that the absence of the woodpecker signal would be the result of the ending of cold war tensions I don't think that is the case! As I've mentioned the signal was abscent for almost the whole of 1991 and things were still not completely "cold" then (remember the attempted coup etc. at that time). If it was of any use, they would have still needed it in 1991, unless the one monitoring the eastern US took over for a while. It is possible that the system is simply out of date and the upgrade was an attempt to better it but was not successful! Whatever that case, I would like to hear from someone who did hear the signal at this time too! It couldn't be missed in 1991. It was very loud and caused even worse interference than the old system. I actually named it the "buzzpecker". If anyone has some information drop me a message! m. gardner ------------------------------ Date: 6 Apr 1994 00:13:18 GMT From: ihnp4.ucsd.edu!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!odin!trier@network.ucsd.edu To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <brett_miller.89.000EBED5@ccm.hf.intel.com>, <2nhujs$7hg@news.tamu.edu>, <brett_miller.109.0009F70E@ccm.hf.intel.com> Subject : Re: STOP SENDING HAMS ON USENET CRAP !!! In article <brett_miller.109.0009F70E@ccm.hf.intel.com>, Brett Miller - N7OLQ <brett_miller@ccm.hf.intel.com> wrote: >I think that is the main problem. Cross-posting such lengthy articles is just >a pure waste of bandwidth. Actually, a properly cross-posted article does not use any more bandwidth than an article posted to only one newsgroup. That is why crossposting is different from posting many times. The exception is when someone has a feed that gets one of the groups and not the other. Then I agree, he might have a valid point if he says that it is a waste of bandwidth _on that link_. Should the list go into r.r.i only? I don't really care. I would like to see it still posted, but it doesn't matter to me where. Stephen -- Stephen Trier KB8PWA "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that Other: trier@ins.cwru.edu certain je ne sais quois." Home: sct@po.cwru.edu - Peter Schickele ------------------------------ End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #381 ****************************** ******************************