Date: Sat, 8 Jan 94 12:39:36 PST From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu> Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu Precedence: Bulk Subject: Info-Hams Digest V94 #14 To: Info-Hams Info-Hams Digest Sat, 8 Jan 94 Volume 94 : Issue 14 Today's Topics: Cordless phone freqs? Daily Summary of Solar & Geophysical Activity for 05 January Got my expiration date - thanx! Kits and quality Need U.K. Admin Address Opening ICOM-R1 Phonecalls from 20,000 fe Ramsey kits not too good -- what about Down East Microwave? Theft/vandalism at radio sites (was Re: Repeater database? TOYOTAS AND HAM RIGS Vanity Callsign Notice of Propsed Rulemaking (PR93-305) When will my license expire? Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu> Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu> Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu. Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams". We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Fri, 7 Jan 1994 18:42:16 GMT From: spsgate!mogate!newsgate!hawk!hawk@uunet.uu.net Subject: Cordless phone freqs? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <2gjt2c$5uj@mailhost.interaccess.com> msf@interaccess.com (MSF) writes: > >Could someone send me a list of the 10 most common base >frequencies, or an ftp site for these freqs? > >Thanks > 46610 46630 46710 46730 46770 46810 46830 46870 46930 46970 regards, George Hawkins KI5X ------------------------------------------------------------------------- George Hawkins Internet: hawk@hawk.sps.mot.com Motorola Digital Signal Processors UUCP: cs.utexas.edu!oakhill!hawk!hawk Semiconductor Products Sector Motorola Internal Email - R12137 6501 William Cannon Drive West Phone (512) 891-4543 Austin Texas 78735-8598 FAX (512) 891-2947 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 6 Jan 1994 23:50:34 MST From: destroyer!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!nebulus!ve6mgs!usenet@uunet.uu.net Subject: Daily Summary of Solar & Geophysical Activity for 05 January To: info-hams@ucsd.edu /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ DAILY SUMMARY OF SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY 05 JANUARY, 1994 /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ (Based In-Part On SESC Observational Data) SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICES FOR 05 JANUARY, 1994 ----------------------------------------------------------- !!BEGIN!! (1.0) S.T.D. Solar Geophysical Data Broadcast for DAY 005, 01/05/94 10.7 FLUX=136.9 90-AVG=101 SSN=154 BKI=0111 1002 BAI=002 BGND-XRAY=B4.9 FLU1=6.5E+05 FLU10=1.1E+04 PKI=1112 2212 PAI=005 BOU-DEV=000,006,005,007,005,004,004,018 DEV-AVG=006 NT SWF=02:003 XRAY-MAX= M1.0 @ 0704UT XRAY-MIN= B3.5 @ 0242UT XRAY-AVG= C1.0 NEUTN-MAX= +002% @ 2350UT NEUTN-MIN= -002% @ 2230UT NEUTN-AVG= -0.0% PCA-MAX= +0.1DB @ 2310UT PCA-MIN= -0.7DB @ 0005UT PCA-AVG= -0.0DB BOUTF-MAX=55350NT @ 2323UT BOUTF-MIN=55327NT @ 1859UT BOUTF-AVG=55343NT GOES7-MAX=P:+000NT@ 0000UT GOES7-MIN=N:+000NT@ 0000UT G7-AVG=+078,+000,+000 GOES6-MAX=P:+131NT@ 2053UT GOES6-MIN=N:-057NT@ 0901UT G6-AVG=+100,+024,-027 FLUXFCST=STD:130,130,125;SESC:130,130,125 BAI/PAI-FCST=005,010,010/008,010,015 KFCST=1112 3111 1112 3111 27DAY-AP=006,007 27DAY-KP=2212 2212 2223 3221 WARNINGS=*MAJFLR;*SWF ALERTS=**MINFLR:M1.0/1N@0704,S13W23(7647);**SWEEP:II=2@0710-0723UTC !!END-DATA!! NOTE: The Effective Sunspot Number for 04 JAN 94 was 67.1. The Full Kp Indices for 04 JAN 94 are: 1+ 3o 2- 2o 2o 1+ 1o 0+ SYNOPSIS OF ACTIVITY -------------------- Solar activity was moderate. Region 7646 (S08W26) and Region 7647 (S16W35) combined to produce an M1/1N long duration flare at 05/0704Z. Solar observers detected a Type II radio sweep during this flare. Region 7648 (N06E42) grew larger and produced a C1/SN flare at 05/1545Z. Solar activity forecast: solar activity is expected to be low to moderate. Regions 7646 and 7648 are growing and becoming more active. The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Geophysical activity forecast: the geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled. The long duration M-class flare may disturb the field beginning late on day two. Event probabilities 06 jan-08 jan Class M 50/50/50 Class X 05/05/05 Proton 05/05/05 PCAF Green Geomagnetic activity probabilities 06 jan-08 jan A. Middle Latitudes Active 10/15/15 Minor Storm 05/05/05 Major-Severe Storm 01/01/01 B. High Latitudes Active 10/15/15 Minor Storm 05/05/05 Major-Severe Storm 01/01/01 HF propagation conditions were generally near-normal over all regions. High latitude paths saw periods of minor signal degradation during the local night hours, with enhanced noise levels also reported in conjunction with this activity. Conditions are expected to remain stable on 06 and 07 January, and become slightly degraded over high latitude paths on 08 January in response to the above-noted flare-related disturbance. If it fails to arrive, near-normal conditions will persist. COPIES OF JOINT USAF/NOAA SESC SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL REPORTS ======================================================== REGIONS WITH SUNSPOTS. LOCATIONS VALID AT 05/2400Z JANUARY ---------------------------------------------------------- NMBR LOCATION LO AREA Z LL NN MAG TYPE 7645 N12W22 083 0290 FSI 18 048 BETA-GAMMA 7646 S08W26 087 0610 EKI 12 045 BETA-GAMMA 7647 S16W35 096 0090 ESO 11 005 BETA 7648 N06E42 019 0290 DAO 09 016 BETA 7649 S12W14 075 PLAGE REGIONS DUE TO RETURN 06 JANUARY TO 08 JANUARY NMBR LAT LO NONE LISTING OF SOLAR ENERGETIC EVENTS FOR 05 JANUARY, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------ BEGIN MAX END RGN LOC XRAY OP 245MHZ 10CM SWEEP 0343 0344 0345 150 0558 0600 0601 830 0645 0704 0725 7647 S13W23 M1.0 1N 54 36 II 0743 0743 0746 7646 S09W15 SF 2300 0823 0828 0838 7645 N17W08 C2.8 SF 550 0858 0903 0909 7646 S11W21 C1.9 SF 260 1106 1106 1107 260 1321 1329 1332 7648 N04E49 C1.8 SF 300 1359 1407 1420 7645 N16W11 C1.9 SF 270 38 1656 1657 1702 7648 N02E47 SF 110 1754 1801 1803 7646 S10W24 C2.8 1N 140 2155 2156 2159 430 POSSIBLE CORONAL MASS EJECTION EVENTS FOR 05 JANUARY, 1994 ---------------------------------------------------------- BEGIN MAX END LOCATION TYPE SIZE DUR II IV 05/0710 0723 S13W23 RSP M1.0 40 2 POSSIBLE CORONAL MASS EJECTION EVENTS FOR 05 JANUARY, 1994 ---------------------------------------------------------- ISOLATED HOLES AND POLAR EXTENSIONS EAST SOUTH WEST NORTH CAR TYPE POL AREA OBSN NO DATA AVAILABLE FOR ANALYSIS SUMMARY OF FLARE EVENTS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn 2695 MHz 8800 MHz 15.4 GHz ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------- --------- --------- 04 Jan: 0021 0025 0029 B7.5 0059 0119 0150 C1.2 SF 7649 S10E14 0302 0310 0316 C2.4 SF 7645 N14E08 0442 0448 0451 C1.0 0448 0450 0453 SF 7645 N15E09 0629 0639 0655 C1.0 SF 7648 N06E68 0630 0631 0649 SF 7645 N13W05 0633 0633 0643 SF 7648 N06E65 0644 0646 0711 SF 7648 N06E65 0715 0752 0852 SF 7648 N06E65 0743 0747 0816 SF 7645 N12W05 0927 0931 0946 SF 7648 N07E65 1258 1305 1341 SF 7648 N03E63 1531 1533 1540 SF 7648 N06E62 1617 1619 1625 SF 7648 N03E61 1923 1924 1935 SF 7645 N15W00 1957 2000 2005 B6.0 2057 2058 2102 SF 7645 N14E02 2203 2212 2228 B6.5 REGION FLARE STATISTICS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ C M X S 1 2 3 4 Total (%) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ------ Region 7645: 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 006 (31.6) Region 7648: 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 008 (42.1) Region 7649: 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 001 ( 5.3) Uncorrellated: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 004 (21.1) Total Events: 019 optical and x-ray. EVENTS WITH SWEEPS AND/OR OPTICAL PHENOMENA FOR THE LAST UTC DAY ---------------------------------------------------------------- Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn Sweeps/Optical Observations ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------------------------- 04 Jan: 0021 0025 0029 B7.5 III 0059 0119 0150 C1.2 SF 7649 S10E14 III 0302 0310 0316 C2.4 SF 7645 N14E08 III 0442 0448 0451 C1.0 III 0629 0639 0655 C1.0 SF 7648 N06E68 III 0715 0752 0852 SF 7648 N06E65 III 1923 1924 1935 SF 7645 N15W00 III NOTES: All times are in Universal Time (UT). Characters preceding begin, max, and end times are defined as: B = Before, U = Uncertain, A = After. All times associated with x-ray flares (ex. flares which produce associated x-ray bursts) refer to the begin, max, and end times of the x-rays. Flares which are not associated with x-ray signatures use the optical observations to determine the begin, max, and end times. Acronyms used to identify sweeps and optical phenomena include: II = Type II Sweep Frequency Event III = Type III Sweep IV = Type IV Sweep V = Type V Sweep Continuum = Continuum Radio Event Loop = Loop Prominence System, Spray = Limb Spray, Surge = Bright Limb Surge, EPL = Eruptive Prominence on the Limb. ** End of Daily Report ** ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 17:39:54 GMT From: netcomsv!netcom.com!dgf@decwrl.dec.com Subject: Got my expiration date - thanx! To: info-hams@ucsd.edu It turns out this kind of data is available on the internet, and I have had several kind replies extracting the data I need (I'm alive until April, 1997 it turns out). Anyway, thanx to the helpful people replying and I have learned something new! 73 Dave WB0GAZ ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 14:59:52 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!swrinde!emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Kits and quality To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <9401070753.ZM8853@SALCIUS2> scottm@SALCIUS2.csg.mot.com (Scott F. Migaldi) writes: >>People, you get what you pay for. As a very good friend of mine once >>said; "Pay shit. Get shit." > >This attitude amazes me! I can only wonder when the people who have >attitudes like this will have their jobs move to Osaka! If a customer pays >money they should get the best that they are paying for. I am amazed at >what type of crap Americans will put up with from a manufacturer. I deal in >the international markets and let me tell you my customers demand the very >best and will not except an excuse when something does not work properly. When there's a 10 to 1 price range, and the customer is paying the bottom price, they'd better expect bottom performance. If they expect the very best, then they'd better expect to pay the premium that requires. I think that's all the poster is saying. It's been my experience that that's a truism, even with Motorola. You people make some very nice, very expensive radios, and you also make some cheap junk. Gary -- Gary Coffman KE4ZV | You make it, | gatech!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary Destructive Testing Systems | we break it. | uunet!rsiatl!ke4zv!gary 534 Shannon Way | Guaranteed! | emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary Lawrenceville, GA 30244 | | ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 7 Jan 1994 23:45:35 GMT From: metro!basser.cs.su.oz.au!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!yeshua.marcam.com!news.kei.com!eff!news.umbc.edu!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!pipex!uknet!cix.@@munnari.oz.au Subject: Need U.K. Admin Address To: info-hams@ucsd.edu The UK Licensing is now handled by an independent company on behlaf of the Radiocommunications authority. My License tells me to notify Changes of Address to: The Radio Licensing Centre SSL PO BOX 884 Bristol BS99 5LF alternatively why not ask the RSGB ( equvlt to ARRL )at Lambda House Cranbourne Road Potters Bar Herts, EN6 3JE Telephone: 0707 59015 Fax: 0707 45105 Telex: 9312130923 Ansback RSG John Newgas G7LTQ in UK / N2UYI in USA Packet Address G7LTQ@GB7XDD.#32.GBR.EU Internet Address jnewgas@cix,compulink.co.uk ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 01:58:18 GMT From: metro!basser.cs.su.oz.au!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!yeshua.marcam.com!news.kei.com!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!uhog.mit.edu!news.@munnari.oz.au Subject: Opening ICOM-R1 To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Anyone know how to take bottom bqattery cover off an R1. Mine is "inert" so I suspect that the Nicad battery has expired. I removed all visible screws, and the case opens at the top, but the botton won't let go. Any ideas? There is a latch at the bottom that doesn't seem to do anything... ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 00:09:14 GMT From: munnari.oz.au!metro!basser.cs.su.oz.au!harbinger.cc.monash.edu.au!yeshua.marcam.com!usc!sdd.hp.com!col.hp.com!csn!springsboard!alex.lane@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Phonecalls from 20,000 fe To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Chris Magnuson writes: -> .... it is possible to make phone calls from way up high by radio -> (check on the kids, etc.). Is this possible to do via a portable -> radio? A number of 2-meter repeaters offer users a phone patch that allows you to make phone calls through the repeater. Long-distance calls are generally not permitted, although some repeaters will let you dial an 800 number, which'll let you get to a long-distance company. Of course, this pre-supposes you're a licensed ham with a 2-meter rig. Cheers... ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The SpringsBoard BBS | "You *can* get here from there." Pagosa Springs, Colorado | Alex Lane (303) 264-2339 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------ Date: 8 Jan 94 14:54:08 GMT From: ogicse!emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Ramsey kits not too good -- what about Down East Microwave? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <1994Jan7.140535.5582@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu> lkollar@nyx10.cs.du.edu (Larry Kollar) writes: > >OK, everybody and his dog has run down Ramsey kits. I also heard some >unfavorable comments about Hamtronics and their downconverter kits. What >about Down East Microwave? They have downconverters in kit form -- has >anyone tried tackling one of those? I've built their 902 MHz transverter, and their 2304 downconverter. They work, but they aren't Heathkits. The LOs are built dead bug style, and the docs aren't very clear at all. I needed the photos in the QST article to figure out parts placement for the transverter. But they did work first time, and no special test equipment was required for tuneup. Of course the transverter is milliwatt power level, and there isn't enough selectivity in the receive front end, but a helical filtered preamp can fix the latter problem, and they sell a power brick that'll fix the low power problem. The 2304 downconverter also needs a preamp. I'd give them an Ok, but note that delivery on the transverter was not prompt. I ordered one at Dayton, and didn't get it until the next Dayton (after I danced on their heads a bit). Their loop yagis are good, but one of the 4 902 MHz ones I've assembled was missing a loop. I made my own out of some stock I had on hand rather than fighting with them to get the missing part. A couple of notes on Ramsey and Hamtronics. Ramsey has greatly improved their 2 meter and 70 cm transceivers from the original models, but they aren't bargains. Converting commercial surplus will still give you a better radio for less money. Hamtronics has a line of helical filtered preamps that are *excellent* for repeater use. Buy assembled and tuned though because they're nontrival to get to work right without a good SINADer. On the other hand, their converters suck bigtime. It's nearly impossible to get the LO to both be clean and to start reliably. And after you do, the noise figure is poor. Their transmitting converters are better, but not great. Their receivers and transmitters used to be *horrible* with spurs and drift problems. I hear the new models are better, but you still better have a spectrum analyzer at hand when you do the tuneup. I'd say that anything that requires an oscillator should be avoided since Hamtronics doesn't seem to know how to design good ones. I'd say that if you need a reliable high performance preamp, converter, or transverter, you're best off buying from ARR or SSB Electronics. They're expensive, but they work really well. The ARR preamps have *no* protection, so you'll lose one ocasionally, but the performance is superb for a $70 unit. And SSB Electronics transverters can't be beat. (At $750 a pop they'd *better* be good.) Gary -- Gary Coffman KE4ZV | You make it, | gatech!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary Destructive Testing Systems | we break it. | uunet!rsiatl!ke4zv!gary 534 Shannon Way | Guaranteed! | emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary Lawrenceville, GA 30244 | | ------------------------------ Date: 8 Jan 1994 00:12:02 GMT From: koriel!newscast.West.Sun.COM!abyss.West.Sun.COM!sunspot!myers@ames.arpa Subject: Theft/vandalism at radio sites (was Re: Repeater database? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article 2gksi7INNb6r@network.ucsd.edu, brian@nothing.ucsd.edu (Brian Kantor) writes: >Some years ago, one of our repeaters stopped working. When we got up on >the the mountain, we found out why: > >Someone had torched the door off the building, stolen all the Motorola >and GE repeaters out of the building (demonstrating good taste, they >left the RCA repeaters alone). On their way out, just for good >measure, they cut the guy wires on the tower. When the storm hit a few >days later, 70 feet of H-frame tower blew over the side of the mountain >to the desert floor below, taking our antennas and a good portion of >our coax with it. The solar panels were smashed beyond repair. > >Want to know where our repeaters are now? NOYGDB! > - Brian Certainly this can be a problem, but it isn't necessarily limited to amateur repeaters. A buddy of mine owns several mountain-top sites and manages several more in Southern Cal. He's got a list of tales of mayhem and larceny that has been performed on his sites, often by other commercial radio operators, sometimes even by tenants in his site. A few weeks ago we drove up to up one site 'cause the alarm company called to say the alarm hadn't been set all day. When we got there we discovered that someone had attempted to force their way into one of his buildings. Without revealing too much, I'll say that it is fairly certain it was one of the tenants in the other building in his compound. --- * Dana H. Myers KK6JQ, DoD 466 | Views expressed here are * * (310) 348-6043 | mine and do not necessarily * * Dana.Myers@West.Sun.Com | reflect those of my employer * * This Extra supports the abolition of the 13 and 20 WPM tests * ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 15:30:04 GMT From: sdd.hp.com!swrinde!emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary@network.ucsd.edu Subject: TOYOTAS AND HAM RIGS To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <2gk163$ku@news.acns.nwu.edu> lapin@casbah.acns.nwu.edu (Gregory Lapin) writes: >In article <9401071154.AA11626@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov>, >Robert Carpenter <rc@cmr.ncsl.NIst.GOV> wrote: >>Number 1 on their list of requirements for installation of rigs in Toyotas, >>in order for the warrantee to continue is: >> "The rig must be FCC Type Approved." >> >>WHERE DO I BUY FCC TYPE APPROVED HAM GEAR ???????? >> >>I thought that ham gear was specifically NOT type approved. But then again I >>don't intend to buy a Toyota, so it's all academic. > >All commercial ham gear must be FCC type approved (that's a rule that was >changed from when I started in ham radio). NO, NO, NO. Type approval is very strict, and no ham gear must be type approved. External power amplifiers below 144 MHz must be type *accepted*, and commercial ham gear must be type *certified*, that's just a manufacturer's affidavit, there may also be a Part 15 certification required if there's a microprocessor on board, but no ham gear has to pass type approval. As far as I know, only certain broadcast equipment must meet type approval regulations. It's very expensive and time consuming. So Toyota is saying that only broadcast transmitters are permitted. Heh, I'd like to see our 100 kW Harris fit in a Camry. :-) Gary -- Gary Coffman KE4ZV | You make it, | gatech!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary Destructive Testing Systems | we break it. | uunet!rsiatl!ke4zv!gary 534 Shannon Way | Guaranteed! | emory!kd4nc!ke4zv!gary Lawrenceville, GA 30244 | | ------------------------------ Date: 7 Jan 94 16:42:01 -0600 From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!moe.ksu.ksu.edu!engr.uark.edu!news.ualr.edu!eieio.ualr.edu!gdm@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Vanity Callsign Notice of Propsed Rulemaking (PR93-305) To: info-hams@ucsd.edu [said NPRM included herein by reference] A few things perhaps worth noting: 1. They are proposing to charge you $7.00 per year for the rest of your life for their having issued you a specific callsign. I'd feel a lot better about a one-time charge, even at my age. 2. If your list of ten specific callsigns is exhausted by the time your application makes it through the mill, your existing callsign becomes the eleventh choice and you will be charged $7.00 per year for the rest of your life for the privilege of continuing to use your old callsign. 3. Opinion: what does "vanity" have to do with requesting a specific callsign? Commercial broadcasters do it all the time. These specific ham callsigns will still have to follow the present formats for the various license classes, unlike the completely free form of so-called "vanity" car tags. I suspect the "vanity car tag" expression was originated by some media type. I don't see the parallel between Lawrence Welk requesting "A1ANA2" for his car and my trying to get, say, K5EE, the shortest (in CW) callsign in the United States. When I finally became an old-enough timer (at 27) to request a specific callsign all those years ago, I tried to get K5DM or K5GM or some others I can't remember, but the closest they could get was K5DH. If they could set up this new system to be less risky and less costly, I might try again, otherwise "thanks but no, thanks." 73, Doug K5DH -- - - - - Doug Mauldin - - - - - University of Arkansas at Little Rock - - gdmauldin@ualr.edu | Graduate Institute of Technology standard disclaimers apply | Department of Electronics and Instrumentation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 8 Jan 1994 16:57:15 GMT From: netcomsv!netcom.com!dgf@decwrl.dec.com Subject: When will my license expire? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu I have one of those 10 year licenses, and I can't find the orig., and I have the feeling that it will expire before too long. How can I find my expiration date? I realize this sounds like an obvious question, but after 23 years in ham radio I guess I'm getting senile! 73 Dave WB0GAZ dgf@netcom.com ------------------------------ End of Info-Hams Digest V94 #14 ****************************** ******************************