TITLE: Samba File and Print Server Hint LFS VERSION: 3.0-RC1 AUTHOR: Patrick Kirk < patrick@enterprise-hr.com > Overview Samba allows your Linux box to perform a number of functions that are typically the preserve of Windows 2000 Server Edition, for example acting as a Primary Domain Controller for a Win2k Domain, acting as a Backup Domain controller or simply as a file server to share disk space with Windows PCs in a safe and secure manner. In all these capacities, Samba can be expected to save a lot of license fees and be far more secure than any alternative. This hint is for setting up samba as a file and print server on machine where security is important. The emphasis is on security for the server and ease of use for the users. For example, I use these settings on the machine that shares my ADSL connection. 1. Installation Samba can be downloaded from www.samba.org. Its default installation created a directory called samba in /usr/local and tidily puts all its bits in there. If like me you like to ne able to backup your system configuration just by backing up /etc this needs to be changes. Also, to save messing around with editing your path, it is worth specifying the executables go in /usr/local/bin and sbin as appropriate. As root execute these commands: cd /usr/src && tar xzvf samba*.tar.gz && mkdir -p /etc/samba && mkdir -p /var/lock/samba && cd samba-2.2.1a/source && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --bindir=/usr/local/bin \ --sbindir=/usr/local/sbin --libdir=/etc/samba --sysconfdir=/etc/samba \ --with-smbmount && make && make install 2. Setting up sharing In /etc/samba create a file called smb.conf and paste the following in: [global] workgroup = KIRKS.NET # Put your own in here. netbios name = ENTERPRISE # The hostname for your machine server string = %h server (Samba %v) encrypt passwords = Yes smb passwd file = /etc/samba/sambapasswd #Easier backups syslog = 0 #Level of logging to syslog. Keep this low max log size = 1000 log file = /var/log/samba/samba.log.%m # where to keep records log level = 2 #Log interesting stuff only # Performance tuning - this works. RTFM before tweaking socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY \ TCP_NODELAY SO_SNDBUF=4096 SO_RCVBUF=4096 dns proxy = No #One tool for one job. Use bind for DNS. #Security #These entries are essential. invalid users = root #Otherwise someone could attack the shares just by browsing # from your workstation # Specify the IP range of your LAN and the ethernet card used to # access the LAN # Leave the 127.0.0.1 entry there for diagnostics interfaces = eth0 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 127.0.0.1/24 # Even if a remote attacker decodes a password, he is still # locked out bind interfaces only = yes [homes] # Allows users to store their data on the server comment = Home Directories read only = No create mask = 0700 directory mask = 0700 browseable = Yes [data] # Create a folder for publicly shared resources like # databases, telephone lists, etc. comment = Data Files and Backups # You need to set his path. Mine is... path = /home/data read only = No create mask = 0775 directory mask = 0775 browseable = Yes [system] # Copy the i386 folder from the Win2k CD here. # Saves lots of time installing new drivers! # Any other other CDs you use a lot. # comment = System and Installation Files # You need to set his path. Mine is... path = /home/system read only = No create mask = 0775 directory mask = 0775 browseable = Yes [printers] comment = All Printers path = /tmp create mask = 0700 printable = Yes browseable = No # End of file 3. Setting up users smbclient -a john adds john and prompts you for john's password. Unless you have lots of users, repeat this for each. If you have too many for this to be practical, configure SWAT which allows you to manage users and groups from a remote web-browser. SWAT is very easy to use but if you need to use it there is detailed documentation including an O'Reilly book in html format on http://sunsite.dk/samba/docs 4. Setting up client machines Windows 2000 machines will now just work if the username on the machine is the same as the account name you set up on the samba server. If not the same, then map network drives and take the option use the drive under the name and password you set up on the server. You might consider creating a batch file called login.bat in the startup group of client boxes that goes as follows: net use h: \\192.168.0.1\homes /persistent:no net use i: \\192.168.0.1\data /persistent:no net use j: \\192.168.0.1\system /persistent:no 5. Starting samba Create a file in /etc/init.d called samba and paste the following in: #!/bin/sh # Begin /etc/init.d/samba # # Include the functions declared in the /etc/init.d/functions file # source /etc/init.d/functions case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting Samba daemon..." loadproc /usr/local/sbin/nmbd echo -n "...Samba daemon started!" loadproc /usr/local/sbin/smbd ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping Samba daemon!" killproc smbd echo -n "...Samba daemon stopped." killproc nmbd ;; reload) echo -n "Reloading Samba daemon configuration file..." reloadproc smbd ireloadproc nmbd ;; restart) $0 stop /usr/bin/sleep 1 $0 start ;; status) statusproc /usr/local/sbin/nmbd statusproc /usr/local/sbin/smbd ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|status}" exit 1 ;; esac # End /etc/init.d/samba To start samba, simply enter /etc/init.d/samba start To have samba start every time your machine starts, run the following command: chmod 754 /etc/init.d/samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc0.d/K400samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc1.d/K400samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc2.d/K400samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc3.d/S600samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc4.d/S600samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc5.d/S600samba && ln -s ../init.d/samba /etc/rc6.d/K400samba 6. The end Congratulations. You now have a fileserver set up that is safe, stable and secure.