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Linux Cluster HOWTO
Linux Cluster HOWTO
Ram Samudrala (me@ram.org)
v0.2, June 10, 2001
How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters.
This document describes how I set up my Linux computing clusters
for high-performance computing which I need for
my research .
Use the information below at your own risk. I disclaim all
responsibility for anything you may do after reading this HOWTO. The
latest version of this HOWTO will always be available at
http://www.ram.org/computing/linux/linux_cluster.html .
Unlike other documentation that talks about setting up clusters in
a general way, this is a specific description of how our lab is setup
and includes not only details the compute aspects, but also the
desktop, laptop, and public server aspects. This is done mainly for
local use, but I figure I might as well put it up on the web and
perhaps someone else will find it useful. The main use as it stands
is that it's a report on what kind of hardware works well with Linux
and what kind of hardware doesn't.
This section covers the hardware choices I've made. Unless noted,
assume that everything works really well.
32 machines have the following setup each:
2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs
Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard
2 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM
1 20 GB Maxtor ATA/66 5400 RPM HD
1 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD
Asus CD-S500 50x CDROM
1.4 MB floppy drive
ATI Expert 98 8 MB PCI video card
Mid-tower case
1 external server with the following setup:
2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs
Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard
2 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM
1 20 GB Maxtor ATA/66 5400 RPM HD
2 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD
Asus CD-S500 50x CDROM
1.4 MB floppy drive
ATI Expert 98 8 MB PCI video card
Full-tower case
4 desktops with the following setup:
2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs
Supermicro 370 DE6 Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard
4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM
3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD
Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE
1.4 MB floppy drive
Asus V7700 64mb GeForce2-GTS AGP video card
Creative SB Live Platinum 5.1 sound card
Microsoft Natural Keyboard
Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer
Full-tower case
2 desktops with the following setup:
2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs
Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard
4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM
3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD
Mitsumi 8x/4x/32x CDRW
1.4 MB floppy drive
Jaton Nvidia TNT2 32mb PCI
Creative SB LIVE Value PCI
Microsoft Natural Keyboard
Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer
Full-tower case
2 desktops with the following setup:
2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs
Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard
4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM
3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD
Asus CD-S500 50x CDROM
1.4 MB floppy drive
Jaton Nvidia TNT2 32mb PCI
Creative SB LIVE Value PCI
Microsoft Natural Keyboard
Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer
Full-tower case
Backup:
2 Sony 20/40 GB DSS4 SE LVD DAT
Monitors:
4 21" Sony CPD-G500 .24mm monitor
2 18" Viewsonic VP-181 TFT-LCD monitor
We use KVM switches with a cheap monitor to connect up and "look"
at all the machines:
15" .28dp XLN CTL Monitor
3 Belkin Omniview 16-Port Pro Switches
40 KVM cables
Networking is important.
1 Cisco Catalyst 3448 XL Enterprise Edition network switch.
Our vendor is Hard Drives Northwest (
http://www.hdnw.com ). For each
compute node in our cluster (containing two processors), we paid about
$1500, including taxes. Generally, our goal is to keep each node to
below $2000.00 (which is what our desktop machines cost).
Specfically we use 2.2.17-14 kernel based on the KRUD 7.0
distribution. We use our own software for parallising applications but
have experimented with PVM and MPI. In my view, the overhead for these
pre-packaged programs is too high.
Linux is freely copiable.
This section describes disk partitioning strategies.
desktops (without windows):
hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
hda2 - / (4 GB)
hda3 - /home (remaining disk space)
hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
hdd1 - /maxb (total disk)
desktops (with windows):
hda1 - /win (total disk)
hdb1 - swap (2 * RAM)
hdb2 - / (4 GB)
hdb3 - /home (remaining disk space)
hdd1 - /maxa (total disk)
laptops (single disk):
hda1 - /win (half the total disk size)
hda2 - swap (2 * RAM)
hda3 - / (4 GB)
hda4 - /home (remaining disk space)
farm machines:
hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
hda2 - / (remaining disk space)
hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
Install a minimal set of packages for the farm. Users are allowed
to configure desktops as they wish.
The following people have been helpful in getting this HOWTO
done:
The following documents may prove useful to you---they are links
to sources that make use of high-performance computing clusters:
Static
Wikipedia 2008 (no
images)
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- lij
- lmo
- ln
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- map_bms
- mdf
- mg
- mh
- mi
- mk
- ml
- mn
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- mt
- mus
- my
- myv
- mzn
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- nah
- nap
- nds
- nds_nl
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- ps
- pt
- qu
- quality
- rm
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- roa_rup
- roa_tara
- ru
- rw
- sa
- sah
- sc
- scn
- sco
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- se
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- tw
- ty
- udm
- ug
- uk
- ur
- uz
- ve
- vec
- vi
- vls
- vo
- wa
- war
- wo
- wuu
- xal
- xh
- yi
- yo
- za
- zea
- zh
- zh_classical
- zh_min_nan
- zh_yue
- zu
-
Static
Wikipedia 2007 (no
images)
aa
- ab
- af
- ak
- als
- am
- an
- ang
- ar
- arc
- as
- ast
- av
- ay
- az
- ba
- bar
- bat_smg
- bcl
- be
- be_x_old
- bg
- bh
- bi
- bm
- bn
- bo
- bpy
- br
- bs
- bug
- bxr
- ca
- cbk_zam
- cdo
- ce
- ceb
- ch
- cho
- chr
- chy
- co
- cr
- crh
- cs
- csb
- cu
- cv
- cy
- da
- de
- diq
- dsb
- dv
- dz
- ee
- el
- eml
- en
- eo
- es
- et
- eu
- ext
- fa
- ff
- fi
- fiu_vro
- fj
- fo
- fr
- frp
- fur
- fy
- ga
- gan
- gd
- gl
- glk
- gn
- got
- gu
- gv
- ha
- hak
- haw
- he
- hi
- hif
- ho
- hr
- hsb
- ht
- hu
- hy
- hz
- ia
- id
- ie
- ig
- ii
- ik
- ilo
- io
- is
- it
- iu
- ja
- jbo
- jv
- ka
- kaa
- kab
- kg
- ki
- kj
- kk
- kl
- km
- kn
- ko
- kr
- ks
- ksh
- ku
- kv
- kw
- ky
- la
- lad
- lb
- lbe
- lg
- li
- lij
- lmo
- ln
- lo
- lt
- lv
- map_bms
- mdf
- mg
- mh
- mi
- mk
- ml
- mn
- mo
- mr
- mt
- mus
- my
- myv
- mzn
- na
- nah
- nap
- nds
- nds_nl
- ne
- new
- ng
- nl
- nn
- no
- nov
- nrm
- nv
- ny
- oc
- om
- or
- os
- pa
- pag
- pam
- pap
- pdc
- pi
- pih
- pl
- pms
- ps
- pt
- qu
- quality
- rm
- rmy
- rn
- ro
- roa_rup
- roa_tara
- ru
- rw
- sa
- sah
- sc
- scn
- sco
- sd
- se
- sg
- sh
- si
- simple
- sk
- sl
- sm
- sn
- so
- sr
- srn
- ss
- st
- stq
- su
- sv
- sw
- szl
- ta
- te
- tet
- tg
- th
- ti
- tk
- tl
- tlh
- tn
- to
- tpi
- tr
- ts
- tt
- tum
- tw
- ty
- udm
- ug
- uk
- ur
- uz
- ve
- vec
- vi
- vls
- vo
- wa
- war
- wo
- wuu
- xal
- xh
- yi
- yo
- za
- zea
- zh
- zh_classical
- zh_min_nan
- zh_yue
- zu
-
Static
Wikipedia 2006 (no
images)
aa
- ab
- af
- ak
- als
- am
- an
- ang
- ar
- arc
- as
- ast
- av
- ay
- az
- ba
- bar
- bat_smg
- bcl
- be
- be_x_old
- bg
- bh
- bi
- bm
- bn
- bo
- bpy
- br
- bs
- bug
- bxr
- ca
- cbk_zam
- cdo
- ce
- ceb
- ch
- cho
- chr
- chy
- co
- cr
- crh
- cs
- csb
- cu
- cv
- cy
- da
- de
- diq
- dsb
- dv
- dz
- ee
- el
- eml
- eo
- es
- et
- eu
- ext
- fa
- ff
- fi
- fiu_vro
- fj
- fo
- fr
- frp
- fur
- fy
- ga
- gan
- gd
- gl
- glk
- gn
- got
- gu
- gv
- ha
- hak
- haw
- he
- hi
- hif
- ho
- hr
- hsb
- ht
- hu
- hy
- hz
- ia
- id
- ie
- ig
- ii
- ik
- ilo
- io
- is
- it
- iu
- ja
- jbo
- jv
- ka
- kaa
- kab
- kg
- ki
- kj
- kk
- kl
- km
- kn
- ko
- kr
- ks
- ksh
- ku
- kv
- kw
- ky
- la
- lad
- lb
- lbe
- lg
- li
- lij
- lmo
- ln
- lo
- lt
- lv
- map_bms
- mdf
- mg
- mh
- mi
- mk
- ml
- mn
- mo
- mr
- mt
- mus
- my
- myv
- mzn
- na
- nah
- nap
- nds
- nds_nl
- ne
- new
- ng
- nl
- nn
- no
- nov
- nrm
- nv
- ny
- oc
- om
- or
- os
- pa
- pag
- pam
- pap
- pdc
- pi
- pih
- pl
- pms
- ps
- pt
- qu
- quality
- rm
- rmy
- rn
- ro
- roa_rup
- roa_tara
- ru
- rw
- sa
- sah
- sc
- scn
- sco
- sd
- se
- sg
- sh
- si
- simple
- sk
- sl
- sm
- sn
- so
- sr
- srn
- ss
- st
- stq
- su
- sv
- sw
- szl
- ta
- te
- tet
- tg
- th
- ti
- tk
- tl
- tlh
- tn
- to
- tpi
- tr
- ts
- tt
- tum
- tw
- ty
- udm
- ug
- uk
- ur
- uz
- ve
- vec
- vi
- vls
- vo
- wa
- war
- wo
- wuu
- xal
- xh
- yi
- yo
- za
- zea
- zh
- zh_classical
- zh_min_nan
- zh_yue
- zu
-
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